SQL (Maria DB) split string separated by comma to rows

Option 1: Recursive Query

with recursive
    data as (select concat(names, ', ') names from mytable),
    cte as (
        select 
            substring(names, 1, locate(', ', names) - 1) word,
            substring(names, locate(', ', names) + 2) names
        from data
        union all
        select 
            substring(names, 1, locate(', ', names) - 1) word,
            substring(names, locate(', ', names) + 2) names
        from cte
        where locate(', ', names) > 0
    )
select word from cte

Option 2: Recursive CTE

with recursive cte as (
      select '            ' as name, concat(names, ',') as names, 1 as lev
      from t
      union all
      select substring_index(names, ',', 1),
             substr(names, instr(names, ',') + 2), lev + 1
      from cte
      where names like '%,%'
     )
select name
from cte
where lev > 1;

Option 3: CREATE PROCEDURE

create or replace procedure splitstring(
    value TEXT,
    delim VARCHAR(12)
)
BEGIN 
    with recursive
    data as (select CONCAT(value,delim) as entries),
    cte as (
        select
            substring(entries, 1, locate(delim, entries) - LENGTH(delim)) entry,
            substring(entries, locate(delim, entries) + LENGTH(delim)) entries
        from data
        union all
        select 
            substring(entries, 1, locate(delim, entries) - LENGTH(delim)) entry,
            substring(entries, locate(delim, entries) + LENGTH(delim)) entries
        from cte
        where locate(delim, entries) > 0
    )
select entry from cte where length(entry) > 0;
END

Option 4: SUBSTRING_INDEX

SELECT 
  TRIM(SUBSTRING_INDEX(SUBSTRING_INDEX(names,',',x.x),',',-1)) as name
FROM mytable
CROSS JOIN (SELECT 1 as x union all select 2 union all select 3 union all select 4) x
WHERE x.x <= LENGTH(names)-LENGTH(REPLACE(names,',',''))+1

Option 5: Recursive CTE with Space Handling

with recursive names_cleaned as (
    select replace(replace(names, ', ', ','), ',', ', ') nc
    from t),
cte as (
      select '            ' as name, concat(nc, ',') as nc, 1 as lev
      from names_cleaned
      union all
      select substring_index(nc, ',', 1),
             substr(nc, instr(nc, ',') + 2), lev + 1
      from cte
      where nc like '%,%'
     )
select name
from cte
where lev > 1;